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\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u53eb\u2014\u2014\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\uff01<\/p>\n

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\n\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6574\u7406\u51e0\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u914d\u4e0a\u4e3a\u6570\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u627e\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7167\u7247\u3002\u6587\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u592e\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u5728\u6606\u660e\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u7167\u7247\u53ef\u662f\u5927\u540d\u9f0e\u9f0e\u7684\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u62cd\u6444\u7684\uff01
\n2015\u5e74\u56fd\u5e86\u8282\uff0c\u5728\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u7b49\u4eba\u4eb2\u624b\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5317\u4eac\u751f\u7269\u5236\u54c1\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u539f\u5740\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u7247\u6c89\u6dc0\u7740\u6e90\u81ea1919\u5e74\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e8e1949\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u9632\u75ab\u4e8b\u4e1a\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66<\/a><\/span>\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u751f\u7269\u5236\u54c1<\/a><\/span>\u4e1a\u5f00\u521b\u5386\u7a0b\u7684\u70ed\u571f\u4e0a\u2014\u2014
\n\u5728\u7d27\u90bb\u5317\u4eac\u4e1c\u4e94\u73af\u7684\u4e00\u7247\u8302\u5bc6\u7684\u767e\u5e74\u6811\u6797\u4e2d\u2014\u2014\u4ee5\u201cDREAM2049\u56fd\u9645\u6587\u521b\u4ea7\u4e1a\u56ed\u201d\u7684\u540d\u4e49\uff0c\u5c06\u5f00\u542f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u68a6\u60f3\u4e4b\u65c5\uff01
\n\u8fd8\u662f\u5f15\u7528\u5357\u65b9\u5468\u672b\u7684\u90a3\u6bb5\u5143\u65e6\u732e\u8bcd\uff1a
\n\u603b\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u529b\u91cf\u5b83\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6cea\u6d41\u6ee1\u9762\uff0c\u603b\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u529b\u91cf\u5b83\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6296\u64de\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u603b\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u529b\u91cf\u5b83\u9a71\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u65ad\u5bfb\u6c42\u201c\u6b63\u4e49\u3001\u7231\u5fc3\u3001\u826f\u77e5\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u529b\u91cf\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u4f60\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u4f60\u4eec\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002
\n\u5199\u4e8e2015\u5e741\u67086\u65e5\u665a
\n\u8d44\u6599\uff1a\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u4e0e\u5317\u4eac\u751f\u7269\u5236\u54c1\u7814\u7a76\u6240
\n\u5317\u4eac\u751f\u7269\u5236\u54c1\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u521b\u7acb\u4e8e1919\u5e74\uff0c\u5176\u524d\u8eab\u662f\u5317\u6d0b\u653f\u5e9c\u4e2d\u592e\u9632\u75ab\u5904\uff0c\u5730\u5740\u5728\u5929\u575b\u5185\u897f\u5357\u9685\u795e\u4e50\u7f72\u6545\u5740\u3002
\n\u5b83\u662f\u6211\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u536b\u751f\u9632\u75ab\u548c\u8840\u6e05\u75ab\u82d7<\/a><\/span>\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u4e13\u95e8\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u7814\u5236\u751f\u4ea7\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u725b\u75d8\u3001\u970d\u4e71\u3001\u4f24\u5bd2\u3001\u72c2\u72ac\u75c5\u75ab\u82d7\u53ca\u767d\u5589\u6297\u6bd2\u7d20\u7b4915\u79cd\u5236\u54c1\uff1b\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u4e2d\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u682a\u9752\u9709\u7d20\u83cc\u79cd\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u751f\u7269\u5236\u54c1\u96f6\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

1919-1949 \u4e2d\u56fd\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66<\/a><\/span>\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u751f\u7269\u5236\u54c1\u4e1a\u7684\u5f00\u521b\u65f6\u671f
\n1919\u5e74\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u751f\u7269\u5236\u54c1\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7684\u524d\u8eab\u4e2d\u592e\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u5728\u5317\u5e73\u8bbe\u7acb\uff08\u8001\u8054\u6ce8\uff1a\u5730\u70b9\u5728\u5929\u575b\u795e\u4e50\u7f72\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u540e\u6765\u5929\u575b\u751f\u7269\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u6765\u6e90\uff09\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5236\u5907\u8840\u6e05\u3001\u725b\u75d8\u75ab\u82d7\u4ee5\u53ca\u6307\u5bfc\u5168\u56fd\u9632\u75ab\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5f00\u521b\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u751f\u7269\u5236\u54c1<\/a><\/span>\u4e1a\u3002
\n1929\u5e74\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u751f\u7269\u5236\u54c1\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7684\u521b\u7acb\u8005\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5148\u751f\u5728\u4e2d\u592e\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u5efa\u7acb\u75c5\u6bd2\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4<\/a><\/span>\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u8fdb\u884c\u75c5\u6bd2\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff0c1930\u5e74\u8d77\u9646\u7eed\u53d1\u8868\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u4ece\u6b64\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6709\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u75c5\u6bd2\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u3002
\n1930\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5148\u751f\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u52a9\u624b\u4eec\u5728\u8270\u82e6\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6267\u8457\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u51fa\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u652f\u9752\u9709\u7d20<\/a><\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\u4e0a\u56fe\u4e3a1944\u5e74 \u642c\u8fc1\u81f3\u6606\u660e\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u7fa4\u4f53\u6280\u672f\u4eba\u5458\u5408\u5f71\u7559\u5ff5\uff08\u524d\u6392\u53f3\u4e09\u4e3a\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u535a\u58eb\uff09
\n1949\u5e74\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u4e3a\u751f\u7269\u5236\u54c1\u4e8b\u4e1a\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u8f89\u714c\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5951\u673a\u30021950\u5e74\u4e2d\u592e\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u6539\u540d\u4e3a\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u536b\u751f\u90e8\u751f\u7269\u5236\u54c1\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u4efb\u6240\u957f\u30021951\u5e74\u517c\u4efb\u65b0\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u751f\u7269\u5236\u54c1\u68c0\u5b9a\u6240\u6240\u957f\u3002
\n\u5efa\u56fd\u540e\uff0c\u536b\u751f\u90e8\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u666e\u904d\u79cd\u75d8\uff0c\u536b\u751f\u90e8\u751f\u7269\u5236\u54c1<\/a><\/span>\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7b49\u627f\u62c5\u4e86\u725b\u75d8\u82d7\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u7814\u5236\u4e86\u751f\u4ea7\u5929\u82b1\u75ab\u82d7<\/a><\/span>\u7684\u65b0\u5de5\u827a\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5341\u51e0\u5e74\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e8e1961\u5e74\u6d88\u706d\u4e86\u5929\u82b1\uff0c\u6bd4\u5168\u7403\u6d88\u706d\u5929\u82b1\u65e9\u5341\u516d\u5e74\u3002
\n1979\u5e74,\u524d\u6240\u957f\u7ae0\u4ee5\u6d69\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u6d88\u706d\u5929\u82b1\u9a8c\u8bc1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u6210\u5458\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u65e5\u5185\u74e6\u4f1a\u8bae,\u5e76\u4ee3\u8868\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e84\u4e25\u5730\u5728”\u5168\u7403\u6d88\u706d\u5929\u82b1\u8bc1\u4e66”\u4e0a\u7b7e\u5b57\u3002
\n1955\u5e748\u670810\u65e5\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u6c99\u773c<\/a><\/span>\u8863\u539f\u4f53\u5e76\u83b7\u56fd\u9645\u91d1\u5956,\uff0c\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u9632\u6cbb\u6c99\u773c\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u6770\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u8fd9\u682a\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u5c31\u662f\u8457\u540d\u7684\uff34\uff25\uff18\u3002
\n\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u6210\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u53d1\u73b0\u91cd\u8981\u75c5\u539f\u4f53<\/a><\/span>\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\u66fe\u7ecf\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7684\u4e3b\u697c\uff0c\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u521b\u610f\u751f\u6001\u7684\u57fa\u5730<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u793c\u5802\u6539\u5efa\u4e3a\u9887\u6709\u540d\u6c14\u76841919\u5c0f\u5267\u573a\uff0c\u6302\u724c\u5317\u4eac\u56fd\u5bb6\u97f3\u4e50\u4ea7\u4e1a\u57fa\u5730<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\u9662\u5185\u67091950\u5e74\u4ee3\u5efa\u5efa\u9662\u65f6\u671f\u79fb\u690d\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u5927\u6811\uff0c\u5df2\u6210\u5317\u4eac\u7f55\u89c1\u7684\u90fd\u5e02\u68ee\u6797<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\u6614\u65e5\u6c34\u5854\u53d8\u8eab\u68a6\u57062049\u6587\u5316\u5730\u6807<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\u539f\u6587\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u9057\u5fd8\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u6c64\u98de\u51e1<\/h2>\n

\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u4eac\u864e\u5b50
\n\u6b63\u6587\uff1a
\n\u4e00\u3001\u5fc3\u4e2d\u8426\u7ed5\u7684\u540d\u5b57
\n\u7334\u5e74\u9a6c\u6708\u7684\u5317\u4eac\u51fa\u4eba\u610f\u6599\u5730\u51c9\u723d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5bfb\u5e38\u7684\u5929\u6c14\u4f3c\u4e4e\u9884\u793a\u4f1a\u6709\u4e0d\u5bfb\u5e38\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u679c\u7136\u5728\u516d\u6708\u4e0b\u65ec\uff0c\u536b\u751f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d41\u8a00\u56db\u8d77\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u536b\u751f\u90e8\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u53ec\u5f00\u65b0\u95fb\u53d1\u8868\u4f1a\uff0c\u5c31\u4eca\u5e74\u8428\u65af\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4<\/a><\/span>\u4e8b\u6545\u7b54\u8bb0\u8005\u95ee\u3002\u65b0\u4e0a\u4efb\u7684\u4e3b\u7ba1\u526f\u90e8\u957f\u58f0\u660e\uff1a\u8bf7\u5927\u5bb6\u5bb9\u8bb8\u6211\u4fdd\u5bc6\u4e24\u5929\u3002
\n\u4e24\u5929\u540e\uff0c\u4e03\u6708\u4e00\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5efa\u515a83\u5468\u5e74\u3002\u536b\u751f\u90e8\u53ec\u5f00\u5927\u4f1a\uff0c\u5ba3\u5e03\u8ffd\u7a76\u9886\u5bfc\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u4ece\u56fd\u5bb6\u75be\u75c5\u63a7\u5236\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u5230\u75c5\u6bd2\u6240\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u662f\u8179\u6cfb\u75c5\u6bd2\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\uff0c\u4ece\u4e0a\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u53e3\u6c14\u6458\u4e86\u4e94\u9876\u4e4c\u7eb1\u3002\u5c18\u57c3\u843d\u5b9a\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u62a5\u9053\u5145\u65a5\u62a5\u520a\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u536b\u751f\u9632\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u58f0\u8a89\u5230\u4e86\u5386\u53f2\u6700\u4f4e\u70b9\u3002
\n\u53bb\u5e74\uff082003\uff09\u8428\u65af\u65f6\u66fe\u7ecf\u98ce\u4e91\u4e00\u65f6\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u800c\u4eca\u6210\u4e86\u8857\u5934\u5df7\u5c3e\u7684\u8c08\u8d44\uff0c\u5929\u6c14\u9aa4\u7136\u8f6c\u4e3a\u95f7\u70ed\u3002\u671b\u7740\u4e4c\u8499\u8499\u7684\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u5fc3\u4e2d\u731b\u7136\u60f3\u8d77\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u8426\u7ed5\u5728\u5fc3\u4e2d\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002
\n\u5f53\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6e10\u6e10\u5f00\u53e3\u8bf4\u51fa\u771f\u8bdd\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u542c\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c8\u4e00\u4e2a\u6545\u4e8b\u6240\u52fe\u753b\u51fa\u7684\u8c6a\u60c5\u548c\u60b2\u4f24\uff0c\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u6df1\u6df1\u5370\u5728\u5fc3\u4e2d\u3002
\n\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u4fe1\u606f\u7206\u70b8\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4f1a\u6709\u5343\u767e\u6761\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u3002\u4e0d\u6599\u67e5\u8be2\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\u5e72\u5df4\u5df4\u7684\u51e0\u6761\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u82f1\u96c4\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u98ce\u6d41\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u5145\u65a5\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u88ab\u4eba\u4e00\u904d\u53c8\u4e00\u904d\u5730\u63d0\u8d77\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u7ffb\u6765\u8986\u53bb\u5730\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u6765\u6765\u5f80\u5f80\u5730\u63a2\u8ba8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5982\u96f7\u8d2f\u8033\u7684\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u6bd4\u5f97\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u5bf9\u6c11\u65cf\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff1f
\n\u4eba\u4eec\u7f18\u4f55\u949f\u60c5\u4e8e\u6cbe\u6ee1\u9c9c\u8840\u7684\u53cc\u624b\u800c\u65e0\u89c6\u6551\u82e6\u6551\u96be\u7684\u5fc3\u80a0\uff1f
\n\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u5df2\u7ecf\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u539f\u672c\u5c5e\u65bc\u4ed6\u7684\u540d\u8a89\u548c\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u4f46\u65e0\u60c5\u7684\u5c81\u6708\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5584\u65bc\u5411\u524d\u770b\u3001\u4e50\u4e8e\u5065\u5fd8\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u6e10\u6e10\u6c89\u5165\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u6ce5\u6c99\u4e2d\uff0c\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u6e10\u6e10\u88ab\u9057\u5fd8\u4e86\u3002
\n\u6709\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u662f\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u9057\u5fd8\u7684\uff01\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u9057\u5fd8\u7684\uff01\u6d17\u6e05\u5386\u53f2\u957f\u6cb3\u4e2d\u7684\u6c61\u6ce5\u6d4a\u6c34\uff0c\u8fd9\u540d\u5b57\u5c06\u6c38\u8fdc\u5982\u91d1\u5b50\u822c\u95ea\u4eae\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u53eb\uff1a\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u82f1\u96c4\u6167\u773c
\n\u8fd1\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u662f\u6e56\u5357\u4eba\u7684\u821e\u53f0\uff0c\u4ece\u66fe\u56fd\u85e9\u5230\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\uff0c\u6e56\u5357\u4eba\u6700\u7ec8\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e3b\u5bb0\u3002
\n\u5149\u7eea\u4e8c\u5341\u4e09\u5e74(1897\u5e74) \uff0c\u6e56\u5357\u5927\u65f1\uff0c\u201c\u767e\u59d3\u54bd\u7ce0\u8339\u8349\uff0c\u81f3\u6709\u997f\u6bd9\u81ea\u5c3d\u8005\u3002\u201d 7\u670823\u65e5\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u6e56\u5357\u91b4\u9675\u3002
\n\u6c64\u5bb6\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u662f\u4e2a\u65fa\u65cf\uff0c\u5230\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u51fa\u751f\u65f6\u5bb6\u9053\u65e9\u5df2\u4e2d\u843d\uff0c\u7236\u4eb2\u8bbe\u9986\u6559\u4e66\u7ef4\u6301\u5bb6\u8ba1\u3002\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u884c\u4e09\uff0c\u4e94\u5c81\u542f\u8499\uff0c\u7236\u4eb2\u9075\u5faa\u6613\u5b50\u800c\u6559\u7684\u53e4\u8bad\uff0c\u9001\u4ed6\u5230\u4e8c\u5341\u91cc\u5916\u7684\u4e1c\u5c97\u5c31\u8bfb\u4e8e\u4f55\u5bb6\u4e49\u587e\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\u4f55\u5bb6\u4e0e\u6c64\u5bb6\u4e3a\u901a\u5bb6\u4e4b\u597d\uff0c\u5e74\u8f7b\u535a\u5b66\u7684\u4f55\u5bb6\u5c11\u7237\u7d20\u6709\u5927\u5fd7\u3002\u5e74\u5e7c\u7684\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u52e4\u594b\u597d\u5b66\u4e14\u610f\u5fd7\u575a\u6bc5\uff0c\u4e00\u5165\u5176\u773c\u754c\u4fbf\u5341\u5206\u949f\u7231\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ed6\u8bfe\u5916\u8f85\u5bfc\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6559\u4ed6\u7b97\u672f\u81ea\u7136\u7b49\u65b0\u5b66\u3002\u4f55\u5c11\u7237\u8fde\u5f97\u4e09\u5973\u540e\uff0c\u5411\u6c64\u5bb6\u63d0\u51fa\u5c06\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u5973\u8bb8\u914d\u7ed9\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b49\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u6210\u4eba\u540e\u81ea\u5df1\u9009\u62e9\u3002
\n\u4e16\u4e8b\u96be\u6599\uff0c\u7231\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5982\u5df1\u51fa\u3001\u8a89\u4e4b\u4e3a\u5929\u4e0b\u82f1\u624d\u7684\u4e61\u91ce\u4e66\u751f\u5c45\u7136\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4ee3\u67ad\u96c4\u3002\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u540e\uff0c\u4f55\u5c11\u7237\u5f03\u6587\u5b66\u6b66\uff0c\u5165\u4fdd\u5b9a\u519b\u5b98\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\u5165\u6e58\u519b\uff0c\u4ece\u6392\u957f\u5e72\u8d77\uff0c\u4e00\u6b65\u4e00\u6b65\u6210\u4e3a\u6e56\u5357\u9738\u4e3b\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u66f4\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7684\u4e00\u9996\u8776\u604b\u82b1\u7684\u89d2\u6ce8\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u9664\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u5916\u4e0d\u505a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4eba\u60f3\u7684\u5927\u540d\u9f0e\u9f0e\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\uff1a\u4f55\u952e\u3002
\n\u603b\u89d2\u65f6\u4fbf\u5165\u82f1\u96c4\u6167\u773c\u7684\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u6240\u8d70\u7684\u5374\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u9053\u8def\u3002\u6c64\u98de\u51e112\u5c81\u5165\u957f\u6c99\u57ce\u5357\u5c0f\u5b66\u5802\uff0c\u4e09\u5e74\u540e\u6bd5\u4e1a\uff0c\u8ffd\u968f\u4e8c\u54e5\u8003\u5165\u7532\u79cd\u5de5\u4e1a\u5b66\u6821\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5b66\u5de5\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4ece\u5c0f\u76ee\u7779\u5bb6\u4e61\u7236\u8001\u8d2b\u75c5\u4ea4\u8feb\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u6709\u5fd7\u60ac\u58f6\u6d4e\u4e16\uff0c\u4e24\u5e74\u540e\u6e58\u96c5\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u4ece\u7532\u79cd\u5de5\u4e1a\u5b66\u6821\u9000\u5b66\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6e58\u96c5\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u9996\u5c4a\u5b66\u751f\u3002
\n\u4e03\u5e74\u5bd2\u7a97\uff0c\u6e58\u96c5\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c4a\u62db\u6536\u768430\u540d\u5b66\u751f\uff0c1921\u5e74\u6bd5\u4e1a\u65f6\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b10\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u5341\u4eba\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e24\u540d\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u5b66\u5c4a\u7684\u6cf0\u6597\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5916\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u662f\u6bd5\u4e1a\u65f6\u540d\u5217\u7b2c\u4e00\u3001\u4e0e\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u540c\u5c81\u7684\u5185\u79d1\u540d\u5bbf\u5f20\u5b5d\u9a9e\u3002
\n\u4e03\u5e74\u7684\u533b\u5b66\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u78e8\u70bc\u4e86\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u575a\u97e7\u523b\u82e6\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5bf9\u6d4e\u4e16\u6709\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u300219\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0e20\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e4b\u4ea4\u7684\u4e8c\u3001\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66<\/a><\/span>\u7684\u9ec4\u91d1\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4ee5\u5df4\u65af\u5fb7(Pasteur) \u548c\u5bc7\u970d(Koch) \u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u4ee3\u7ec6\u83cc<\/a><\/span>\u5b66\u548c\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u5b66\u5929\u9a84\uff0c\u9646\u7eed\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u91cd\u8981\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u7684\u81f4\u75c5\u83cc\u3002\u5bc7\u970d\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5317\u91cc\u67f4\u4e09\u90ce\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u9f20\u75ab\u548c\u7834\u4f24\u98ce\u7684\u75c5\u539f\u83cc\uff0c\u4eba\u79f0\u4e1c\u65b9\u5bc7\u970d\u3002\u5e74\u8f7b\u6c14\u76db\u7684\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u66fe\u8a00\uff1a\u201c\u65e5\u672c\u80fd\u51fa\u4e1c\u65b9\u7684\u5bc7\u970d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u80fd\u51fa\u4e1c\u65b9\u7684\u5df4\u65af\u5fb7\uff1f\u201d<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\u6e58\u96c5\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u7acb\u5fd7\u7814\u7a76\u7ec6\u83cc\u5b66\u548c\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\uff0c\u7533\u8bf7\u5230\u534f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u7ec6\u83cc\u7cfb\u8fdb\u4fee\u3002\u5f53\u540c\u5b66\u9080\u8bf7\u4e00\u9053\u5f00\u4e1a\u884c\u533b\u65f6\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u8bf4\u51fa\u6bd5\u751f\u610f\u613f\uff1a\u201c\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u533b\u751f\u4e00\u8f88\u5b50\u80fd\u6cbb\u597d\u591a\u5c11\u75c5\u4eba\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u660e\u4e00\u79cd\u9884\u9632\u65b9\u6cd5\u5374\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4ebf\u4e07\u4eba\u4e0d\u5f97\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u201d \u3002
\n\u4f55\u952e\u6b64\u65f6\u5df2\u4e3a\u6e58\u519b\u56e2\u957f\uff0c\u89c1\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u6bd5\u4e1a\uff0c\u5411\u6c64\u5bb6\u91cd\u65b0\u63d0\u4eb2\u3002\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5728\u4f55\u5bb6\u4e09\u5343\u91d1\u4e2d\u9009\u4e2d15\u5c81\u7684\u4e8c\u5c0f\u59d0\u4f55\u740f\u3002\u4ee5\u4f55\u952e\u4e4b\u610f\uff0c\u5973\u513f\u968f\u519b\u4e1c\u5954\u897f\u8dd1\u6781\u4e0d\u5b89\u5b9a\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u7acb\u5373\u6210\u4eb2\u3002\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u56e0\u4e3a\u8981\u53bb\u5317\u4eac\u8fdb\u4fee\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u517b\u5bb6\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u53ea\u662f\u8ba2\u5a5a\u3002
\n\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5728\u534f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u4e00\u5e74\u540e\u517c\u4efb\u52a9\u6559\uff0c\u4e09\u5e74\u4e2d\u5168\u9762\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u7ec6\u83cc\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u7ecf\u7cfb\u91cc\u548c\u5b66\u6821\u63a8\u8350\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u83b7\u5f97\u7f8e\u56fd\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\uff0c\u51c6\u5907\u8d74\u7f8e\u6df1\u9020\u3002
\n\u5175\u8352\u9a6c\u4e71\u7684\u6e56\u5357\uff0c\u5c40\u52bf\u590d\u6742\u591a\u53d8\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u4f55\u952e\u4e0d\u518d\u8fc1\u5c31\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u4e0e\u4f55\u740f\u6210\u4eb2\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002
\n\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u8d70\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u79d1\u5b66\u4e4b\u8def\u3002
\n\u4e09\u3001\u62d3\u8352\u8005\u7684\u56de\u5f52
\n\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u662f\u75c5\u6bd2\u5b66\u7684\u62d3\u8352\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u6240\u8fdb\u4fee\u7684\u54c8\u4f5b\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u7ec6\u83cc<\/a><\/span>\u7cfb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u91cd\u70b9\u6b64\u65f6\u6b63\u8f6c\u5411\u6bd4\u7ec6\u83cc\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\uff0c\u62d3\u8352\u8005\u7684\u9996\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u627e\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6295\u8eab\u75c5\u6bd2\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u5728\u54c8\u4f5b\u7684\u4e09\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u75c5\u6bd2\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
\n\u4ed6\u4e0e\u540c\u4e8b\u4eec\u5728\u75c5\u6bd2\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u5305\u62ec\u7528\u7269\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u75c5\u6bd2\u662f\u53ef\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3001\u80fd\u79bb\u5fc3\u6c89\u6dc0\u3001\u80fd\u81ea\u6211\u590d\u5236\u3001\u6709\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5bc4\u751f\u4e8e\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u7814\u5236\u6210\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u5fae\u5b54\u6ee4\u819c\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u5b9a\u51fa\u5404\u79cd\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002
\n\u4e09\u5e74\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5f88\u5feb\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u5bfc\u5e08\u5f3a\u70c8\u8981\u6c42\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u7559\u5728\u54c8\u4f5b\u3002\u4f18\u539a\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f97\u5929\u72ec\u539a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u75c5\u6bd2\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u521a\u521a\u6380\u5f00\u7684\u65e0\u6bd4\u5bbd\u9614\u7684\u89c6\u91ce\uff0c\u5438\u4f4f\u4e86\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u7684\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ed6\u51b3\u5b9a\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u65f6\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\u6765\u81ea\u5927\u6d0b\u5f7c\u5cb8\uff0c\u5199\u4fe1\u4eba\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u8001\u5e08\u989c\u798f\u5e86\u3002
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\n\u5728\u6c11\u65cf\u5b58\u4ea1\u7684\u5173\u5934\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002
\n\u56db\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u9009\u62e9
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\n8\u670813\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u65e5\u4e8e\u6dde\u6caa\u4f1a\u6218\u3002
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\n\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u52a8\u5458\u592b\u4eba\u53c2\u52a0\u7ea2\u5341\u5b57\u4f1a\u7684\u540e\u52e4\u652f\u63f4\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u62a5\u540d\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u4e0a\u6d77\u6551\u62a4\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u524d\u7ebf\u533b\u7597\u6551\u62a4\u961f\uff0c\u968f\u4e0a\u6d77\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u5e08\u751f\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u533b\u7597\u961f\u9a7b\u624e\u5b9d\u5c71\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u591a\u6b21\u5f3a\u70c8\u8981\u6c42\u4e0b\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ebf\u6551\u62a4\u7ad9\uff0c\u5bf9\u4f24\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u521d\u7ea7\u521b\u4f24\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u6551\u62a4\u7ad9\u79bb\u706b\u7ebf\u53ea\u6709\u51e0\u767e\u7c73\u3002
\n\u51e0\u767e\u7c73\uff0c\u6551\u62a4\u7ad9\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u70ae\u706b\u7684\u8986\u76d6\u4e0b\uff0c\u51e0\u6b21\u51e0\u4e4e\u88ab\u51fb\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u4eba\u76f8\u7ee7\u53d7\u4f24\u3002\u5c31\u5728\u70ae\u706b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u6709\u751f\u4ee5\u6765\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u8d85\u8d8a\u751f\u6b7b\u7684\u6fc0\u60c5\u3002\u4e09\u4e2a\u591a\u6708\u4e2d\u65e5\u591c\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u53ea\u56de\u5bb6\u4e24\u6b21\u3002\u592b\u4eba\u5341\u5206\u62c5\u5fc3\u65e5\u519b\u7684\u70ae\u706b\uff0c\u8eab\u9ad8\u4e00\u7c73\u516d\u96f6\u7684\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e3b\u89c1\uff1a”\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u76ee\u6807\u5c0f\uff0c\u70ae\u706b\u6253\u4e0d\u4e2d\u6211\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5e72\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6700\u5408\u9002\u3002”
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\n\u6606\u660e\u6210\u4e86\u5927\u540e\u65b9\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u673a\u6784\u8fc1\u5230\u6606\u660e\uff0c\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4e2a\u5c0f\u8859\u95e8\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u6000\u91cc\u7684300\u94f6\u5143\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u8d44\u4ea7\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u6000\u91cc\u8fd8\u6709\u51e0\u4ef6\u522b\u4eba\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5cb3\u7236\u4f55\u952e\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u6b64\u53bb\u56f0\u96be\u91cd\u91cd\uff0c\u7279\u610f\u5199\u7ed9\u4e91\u5357\u653f\u8981\u7684\u51e0\u5c01\u4fe1\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u5343\u91d1\u96be\u4e70\u7684\u51e0\u5c01\u4fe1\uff0c\u4f7f\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u5728\u6606\u660e\u501f\u5230\u4e86\u623f\u820d\uff0c\u4ece\u94f6\u884c\u8d37\u5230\u4e86\u6b3e\uff0c\u4e8e1939\u5e74\u521d\u5f00\u59cb\u751f\u4ea7\u72c2\u72ac\u75ab\u82d7<\/a><\/span>\u3001\u725b\u75d8\u82d7\u7b49\u51e0\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u83cc\u82d7\u75ab\u82d7\u548c\u8bca\u65ad\u8bd5\u5242\uff0c\u6536\u5165\u9664\u7ef4\u6301\u65e5\u5e38\u5f00\u652f\u5916\u5c1a\u6709\u76c8\u4f59\u3002
\n\u4f46\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u51b3\u4e0d\u5c31\u6b64\u6ee1\u8db3\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u5c3d\u5feb\u5efa\u7acb\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u7684\u65b0\u5740\u3002\u65e5\u519b\u7684\u8f70\u70b8\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4e0b\u5b9a\u51b3\u5fc3\u706b\u901f\u5728\u90ca\u533a\u5174\u5efa\uff0c\u4ed6\u770b\u4e2d\u4e86\u897f\u5c71\u6ec7\u6c60\u5916\u4e00\u5757\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4e0d\u6599\u88ab\u5730\u65b9\u6076\u9738\u628a\u6301\uff0c\u5148\u662f\u4e0d\u7ed9\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u5728\u9ad8\u5b98\u7684\u534f\u8c03\u4e4b\u4e0b\u677e\u4e86\u53e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8bfb\u4e66\u4eba\u597d\u6b3a\u8d1f\uff0c\u72ee\u5b50\u5927\u5f00\u53e3\u9ad8\u51fa\u5e02\u4ef7\u5341\u500d\u3002\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u725b\u52b2\u4e0a\u6765\uff0c\u642c\u52a8\u4e86\u4e91\u5357\u738b\u9f99\u4e91\uff0c\u786c\u662f\u4ee5\u5e02\u4ef7\u7684\u4e94\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u8981\u4e0b\u4e86\u8fd9\u5757\u5730\u3002
\n\u5730\u6709\u4e86\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u6ca1\u94b1\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u4e09\u4e0a\u91cd\u5e86\uff0c\u536b\u751f\u7f72\u8fd8\u662f\u65e0\u94b1\u53ef\u62e8\u3002\u5c31\u5728\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u65e0\u8ba1\u53ef\u65bd\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u91d1\u878d\u754c\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u7ed9\u4ed6\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u9526\u56ca\u5999\u8ba1\uff1a\u5012\u7a7a\u5356\u7a7a\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8fc4\u4eca\u4ecd\u88ab\u4eba\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u6765\u76d7\u7a83\u56fd\u6709\u8d44\u4ea7\u7684\u624b\u6cd5\u3002\u4ed6\u4ee5\u6240\u8c13\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u5168\u90e8\u8d44\u4ea7\u505a\u62b5\u62bc\uff0c\u4ece\u60e0\u6ec7\u94f6\u884c\u8d37\u4e86\u4e00\u7b14\u4f4e\u606f\u957f\u671f\u4fe1\u7528\u8d37\u6b3e\uff0c\u518d\u7531\u8be5\u94f6\u884c\u505a\u62c5\u4fdd\uff0c\u4ece\u51e0\u5bb6\u79c1\u4eba\u94f6\u884c\u501f\u73b0\u91d1\u8d37\u6b3e\uff0c\u62c6\u4e1c\u5899\u8865\u897f\u5899\u52a0\u4e0a\u900f\u652f\u3002\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5192\u7740\u968f\u65f6\u88ab\u5173\u8fdb\u76d1\u72f1\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u4e8e1940\u5e74\u6625\u5efa\u6210\u4e86\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u65b0\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

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\n\u65b0\u5740\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u65e5\u5bc7\u7684\u8f70\u70b8\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u8fdc\u79bb\u5e02\u533a\uff0c\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u9996\u5148\u8981\u505a\u7684\u662f\u5b89\u6392\u597d\u804c\u5de5\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u5904\u91cc\u8bbe\u533b\u7597\u5ba4\uff0c\u4ece\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u8d77\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u533b\u5b66\u9662\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u8f6e\u6d41\u503c\u73ed\uff0c\u5c0f\u7684\u5185\u5916\u79d1\u5747\u80fd\u81ea\u5df1\u52a8\u624b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u80fd\u63a5\u751f\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u7684\u72ec\u5b50\u5c31\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u3002\u6240\u5185\u8fd8\u529e\u5b50\u5f1f\u5c0f\u5b66\u3002
\n\u968f\u7740\u6606\u660e\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u65e5\u76ca\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u7269\u4ef7\u98de\u6da8\uff0c\u804c\u5de5\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\u8d8a\u53d1\u8270\u96be\u3002\u6240\u5e78\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u6240\u9009\u65b0\u5740\u6709\u7684\u662f\u5730\uff0c\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u501f\u672c\u94b1\u7ed9\u804c\u5de5\uff0c\u5728\u6c64\u592b\u4eba\u7684\u5e26\u9886\u4e0b\uff0c\u517b\u732a\u517b\u9e21\u3001\u79cd\u83dc\u79cd\u82b1\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7528\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u65e5\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u5b89\u6392\u4e00\u6761\u5c0f\u8239\uff0c\u6ee1\u8f7d\u81ea\u529b\u66f4\u751f\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u5230\u6606\u660e\u5e02\u573a\u9500\u552e\u3002\u804c\u5de5\u4eec\u5728\u6218\u4e71\u4e2d\u80fd\u5b89\u5c45\uff0c\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u5f97\u4ee5\u6062\u590d\u3002
\n\u5728\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u5236\u9020\u75ab\u82d7\u548c\u8840\u6e05\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u751f\u4ea7\u4e0d\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u6297\u6218\u65f6\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u5e94\u5f53\u627f\u62c5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u51fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7f57\u7ec7\u4eba\u624d\u3002\u52301942\u5e74\uff0c\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u53d1\u5c55\u5230\u8fd1\u767e\u4eba\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f15\u4eba\uff0c\u8fd9\u6279\u4e2d\u56fd\u9632\u75ab\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u5148\u9a71\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u7684\u8c03\u6559\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u540e\u6765\u6210\u4e3a\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u536b\u751f\u9632\u75ab\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u9aa8\u5e72\u3002
\n\u7eff\u6d32\u5efa\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5f00\u59cb\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ed6\u65e9\u5728\u957f\u6c99\u65f6\u4e3a\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u7ed8\u753b\u7684\u84dd\u56fe\u3002\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u5904\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u8c61\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5dde\u536b\u751f\u7814\u7a76\u6240(New York State Health Laboratories)\uff0c\u7740\u773c\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u540c\u6837\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u673a\u6784\u3002
\n\u7136\u800c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u75ab\u82d7\u3001\u8840\u6e05\u7684\u4f9b\u5e94\u4e00\u76f4\u5904\u4e8e\u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u9664\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u5916\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u79c1\u4eba\u529e\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4<\/a><\/span>\u4e5f\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5229\u6da6\u9ad8\u5236\u9020\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u8702\u62e5\u800c\u4e0a\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4ea7\u54c1\u8d28\u91cf\u5f88\u5dee\uff0c\u4e8b\u6545\u9891\u7e41\u800c\u65e0\u4eba\u8fc7\u95ee\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u4e2d\u592e\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9ad8\u3002
\n\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5b8c\u5168\u6539\u9020\u65e7\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u68c0\u5b9a\u5ba4\uff0c\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u4ea7\u54c1\u8fdb\u884c\u8d28\u91cf\u76d1\u7763\u548c\u63a7\u5236\uff1b\u8bbe\u7acb\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\u548c\u6d88\u6bd2\u5ba4\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u4f9b\u5e94\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7528\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\u548c\u6d88\u6bd2\u5668\u6750\uff1b\u8bbe\u7acb\u52a8\u7269\u5ba4\uff0c\u5e76\u5206\u8bbe\u83cc\u82d7\u3001\u75ab\u82d7<\/a><\/span>\u548c\u8840\u6e05\u5ba4\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53c2\u8003\u56fd\u5916\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u6280\u672f\u7ba1\u7406\u5236\u5ea6\u3002
\n\u5728\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e0a\uff0c\u505c\u6b62\u751f\u4ea7\u65e0\u6548\u6216\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u5927\u7684\u8001\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u5f53\u65f6\u9632\u75ab\u9700\u8981\u7684\u65b0\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u6539\u8fdb\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u83cc\u79cd\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5236\u54c1\u8d28\u91cf\u8fbe\u5230\u6b27\u7f8e\u540c\u7c7b\u4ea7\u54c1\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6b21\u6574\u987f\uff0c\u4e3a\u65e5\u540e\u652f\u6301\u76df\u519b\u6ec7\u6e4e\u4f5c\u6218\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

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\n\u5728\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u5404\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fdb\u5165\u6b63\u8f68\u65f6\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u56fd\u4ea7\u9752\u9709\u7d20\u3002\u9752\u9709\u7d20\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u53d1\u660e\uff0c\u81ea\u5f17\u83b1\u660e\u53d1\u73b0\u540e\uff0c1941\u5e74\u7814\u7a76\u51fa\u4e86\u63d0\u7eaf\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f7f\u9752\u9709\u7d20\u5f97\u4ee5\u4e34\u5e8a\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5173\u4e8e\u63d0\u7eaf\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u88ab\u53d1\u8868\uff0c\u4f46\u5177\u4f53\u751f\u4ea7\u5de5\u827a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u519b\u4e8b\u673a\u5bc6\u3002
\n\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u83cc\u79cd\u9752\u9709\u7d20<\/a><\/span>\u7684\u4ea7\u91cf\u76f8\u5dee\u60ac\u6b8a\uff0c\u9ad8\u4ea7\u682a\u5982\u7a00\u4e16\u73cd\u5b9d\uff0c\u5916\u4eba\u6839\u672c\u65e0\u6cd5\u62ff\u5230\u3002\u52a0\u4e0a\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u7b80\u964b\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u751f\u4ea7\u9752\u9709\u7d20\u538b\u6839\u5c31\u662f\u5929\u65b9\u591c\u8c2d\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56f0\u96be\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5fc3\u91cc\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u524d\u65b9\u7684\u8d1f\u4f24\u5c06\u58eb\u6b63\u5728\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f24\u53e3\u53d1\u708e\u800c\u6b7b\u53bb\uff0c\u540e\u65b9\u7684\u6c11\u4f17\u56e0\u4e3a\u75be\u75c5\u6d41\u884c\u800c\u4e27\u751f\u3002\u5728\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5fc3\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u4e8b\u7ec8\u5f52\u662f\u8981\u6709\u4eba\u53bb\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u53ea\u6709\u4e07\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u548c\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u662f\u77e5\u5176\u4e0d\u53ef\u800c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u3002
\n\u5728\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u7684\u611f\u53ec\u4e0b\uff0c\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u4e0a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u4e0b\u6380\u8d77\u4e86\u5bfb\u9709\u70ed\uff0c\u5168\u4f53\u804c\u5de5\u53ca\u5bb6\u5c5e\u4ece\u65e9\u5230\u665a\u5230\u5904\u5bfb\u627e\u7eff\u6bdb\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u540e\u62ff\u53bb\u5206\u79bb\u3002\u4e00\u6b21\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u4f9d\u7136\u5341\u5206\u6267\u7740\u3002\u7ec8\u4e8e\u6709\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u6280\u6b63\u5362\u9526\u6c49\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u76ae\u978b\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u56e2\u7eff\u6bdb\uff0c\u62ff\u5230\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4<\/a><\/span>\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u4e00\u682a\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u9752\u9709\u7d20\u7684\u83cc\u79cd\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u652f\u4ece\u65e7\u76ae\u978b\u4e0a\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u83cc\u79cd\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u56fd\u4ea7\u9752\u9709\u7d20\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u4ece\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u7b49\u5730\u8981\u5230\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u83cc\u79cd\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u4e00\u517130\u682a\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u65e7\u76ae\u978b\u7684\u90a3\u682a\u4ea7\u91cf\u6700\u9ad8\u3002
\n\u4e00\u53ea\u666e\u666e\u901a\u901a\u7684\u65e7\u76ae\u978b\uff0c\u7a7f\u5728\u666e\u666e\u901a\u901a\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u811a\u4e0a\uff0c\u505a\u7740\u4e0d\u666e\u901a\u7684\u4e8b\u4e1a\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\u516d\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0d\u4ea1
\n\u6709\u4e86\u83cc\u682a\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5e26\u9886\u5927\u5bb6\u8fdb\u884c\u751f\u4ea7\u5de5\u827a\u7684\u7814\u5236\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u4e00\u6bb5\u8270\u8f9b\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u4e00\u6bb5\u594b\u6597\u7684\u5386\u7a0b\uff0c\u7ec8\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u51fa\u6bcf\u6beb\u5347200-300\u5355\u4f4d\u3001\u6bcf\u74f6\u4e24\u4e07\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u56fd\u4ea7\u9752\u9709\u7d20\u3002\u591a\u5c11\u6297\u65e5\u5c06\u58eb\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u8d77\u6b7b\u56de\u751f\uff0c\u591a\u5c11\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5ea6\u8fc7\u96be\u5173\u3002
\n\u4e2d\u592e\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u56e0\u6b64\u540d\u626c\u5168\u56fd\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\u4e5f\u77e5\u9053\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6606\u660e\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aNEPB(National Epidemic Prevention Bureau)\u3002
\n\u79d1\u5b66(Nature)\u6742\u5fd71943\u5e74\u4e13\u95e8\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e2d\u592e\u9632\u75ab\u5904\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u7528\u60ca\u5947\u7684\u53e3\u543b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u9752\u9709\u7d20<\/a><\/span>\u751f\u4ea7\u8f66\u95f4\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u6765\u6c34\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u53f0\u53c8\u65e7\u53c8\u6f0f\u3001\u800c\u4e14\u6bcf\u5929\u7528\u5b8c\u540e\u90fd\u8981\u4fee\u7406\u7684\u9505\u7089\uff1b\u7528\u8fc7\u7684\u743c\u8102\u8981\u56de\u6536\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u56de\u6536\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u662f\u4e00\u53ea\u7834\u6728\u8239\uff0c\u653e\u5728\u6e56\u91cc\u8fdb\u884c\u900f\u6790\uff1b\u6ca1\u6709\u5546\u54c1\u86cb\u767d\u680b\u4f9b\u5e94\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u81ea\u5df1\u5236\u9020\uff0c\u80c3?\u7528\u5b8c\u4e86\uff0c\u7528\u4ece\u81ea\u5df1\u517b\u7684\u732a\u7684\u80c3\u2026\u2026
\n\u591a\u5c11\u5e74\u540e\u63d0\u5021\u7684\u81ea\u529b\u66f4\u751f\u3001\u571f\u6cd5\u4e0a\u9a6c\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u6297\u6218\u65f6\u671f\u4e2d\u56fd\u536b\u751f\u9632\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5199\u7167\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52c7\u4e8e\u62c5\u5f53\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u9632\u75ab\u52c7\u58eb\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6b65\u4e00\u6b65\u5730\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002
\n1942\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6218\u573a\u4f5c\u6218\u7684\u76df\u519b\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u5929\u82b1\u75c5\u4f8b\uff0c\u8c03\u67e5\u5f97\u77e5\u4ed6\u4eec\u79cd\u8fc7\u725b\u75d8\u82d7\u4f46\u672a\u53d1\u75d8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6000\u7591\u662f\u725b\u75d8\u82d7\u5931\u6548\u3002
\n\u5f53\u65f6\u76df\u519b\u6240\u7528\u75ab\u82d7\u5747\u8fd0\u81ea\u82f1\u7f8e\uff0c\u552f\u72ec\u725b\u75d8\u82d7\u56e0\u65e0\u6cd5\u957f\u9014\u8fd0\u8f93\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u8fd1\u91c7\u7528\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u75ab\u82d7\u3002\u4e8b\u60c5\u53d1\u751f\u540e\uff0c\u76df\u519b\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u75d8\u82d7\u5931\u53bb\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u521a\u521a\u5b8c\u6210\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7528\u7684\u725b\u75d8\u82d7\u5929\u575b\u682a\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u7b5b\u9009\u5e76\u7814\u7a76\u51fa\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u7528\u5370\u5ea6\u82d7\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u82d7\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u82d7\u6bd4\u5370\u5ea6\u82d7\u6bd2\u529b\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53d1\u75d8\u7387\u9ad8\u3002
\n\u76df\u519b\u56e0\u6b64\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u8fdc\u5728\u6606\u660e\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u9632\u75ab\u5904\uff0c\u6d3e\u4e13\u4eba\u8003\u5bdf\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e88\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3002\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ea7\u54c1\u8d28\u91cf\u83b7\u5f97\u56fd\u9645\u597d\u8bc4\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4<\/a><\/span>\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6c34\u5e73\u4e5f\u5f97\u5230\u627f\u8ba4\u3002\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u68c0\u5b9a\u5ba4\u88ab\u9009\u4e3a\u7f8e\u519b\u6307\u5b9a\u4e34\u5e8a\u5316\u9a8c\u5ba4\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8003\u5bdf\uff0c\u76df\u519b\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u725b\u75d8\u82d7\u91c7\u7528\u4e2d\u56fd\u682a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5176\u4ed6\u75ab\u82d7\u548c\u8840\u6e05\u4e5f\u4e0d\u518d\u8d8a\u6d0b\u8fd0\u6765\uff0c\u6539\u7531\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u4f9b\u5e94\u3002
\n\u4e2d\u592e\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u548c\u8d23\u4efb\u9aa4\u7136\u52a0\u91cd\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u751f\u4ea7\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u75ab\u82d7\u548c\u8840\u6e05\uff0c\u4f9b\u7ed9\u5728\u6ec7\u6e4e\u6cf0\u4f5c\u6218\u7684\u76df\u519b\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u8bca\u65ad\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5c3d\u5feb\u5236\u5907\u9632\u75ab\u7528\u54c1\uff0c\u4e8b\u5173\u76df\u519b\u7684\u6218\u6597\u529b\u3002\u6b64\u5916\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u75ab\u82d7\u548c\u8840\u6e05\u8fd8\u8981\u4f9b\u5e94\u5927\u540e\u65b9\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u652f\u63f4\u9655\u7518\u5b81\u8fb9\u533a\u3002
\n\u6b63\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u76df\u519b\u7684\u75ab\u82d7<\/a><\/span>\u4e07\u65e0\u4e00\u5931\u3002\u4ee5\u72c2\u72ac\u75ab\u82d7\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u56fd\u5916\u7684\u75ab\u82d7\u63a5\u79cd\u540e\u6709\u4e07\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u5230\u4e09\u5343\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u51fa\u73b0\u4e25\u91cd\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e2d\u592e\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u7528\u4e2d\u56fd\u5929\u575b\u682a\u5236\u5907\u7684\u72c2\u72ac\u75ab\u82d7\u7684\u76df\u519b\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u4e00\u8d77\u610f\u5916\u3002
\n\u4e91\u5357\u4e00\u5411\u6d41\u884c\u6591\u75b9\u4f24\u5bd2\uff0c\u5bf9\u5728\u7f05\u7538\u548c\u6cf0\u56fd\u8fb9\u5883\u7684\u76df\u519b\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u4e2d\u592e\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u4e8e1943\u5e74\u5236\u6210\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u6591\u75b9\u4f24\u5bd2\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u4e8e\u76df\u519b\u514d\u75ab\u3002
\n1945\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u6ec7\u7f05\u8fb9\u5883\u6218\u573a\u4e0a\uff0c\u76df\u519b\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd”\u4e0d\u660e\u70ed”\u7684\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u4e25\u91cd\u5a01\u80c1\u7740\u90e8\u961f\u6218\u6597\u529b\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u4e13\u5bb6\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u6591\u75b9\u4f24\u5bd2\u8003\u5bdf\u56e2\u5bf9\u6b64\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u76f4\u672a\u80fd\u641e\u6e05\u75c5\u56e0\uff0c\u53ea\u597d\u6c42\u52a9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u592e\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u3002
\n\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u6d3e\u52a9\u624b\u9b4f\u66e6\u8d74\u73b0\u573a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u67e5\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b9e\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u6059\u866b\u75c5\u3002\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u9488\u5bf9\u6059?\u7684\u9632\u5236\u63aa\u65bd\u540e\uff0c”\u4e0d\u660e\u70ed”\u5f97\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u9b4f\u66e6\u56e0\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u7f8e\u519b”\u6218\u65f6\u529f\u7ee9\u8363\u8a89\u52cb\u7ae0”\u3002
\n\u9664\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5de5\u4f5c\u5916\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u9632\u75ab\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u9879\u79d8\u5bc6\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a\u5bf9\u4ed8\u65e5\u5bc7\u7ec6\u83cc<\/a><\/span>\u6218\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1\u7684\u6218\u7ebf\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3e\u63aa\u90fd\u4e8b\u5173\u91cd\u5927\u3002\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u7387\u9886\u7740\u90a3\u4e00\u5c0f\u6279\u9632\u75ab\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5148\u9a71\u4eec\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\u632b\u8d25\u4e86\u65e5\u5bc7\u7684\u9634\u8c0b\u3002\u8bd5\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5982\u6218\u573a\uff0c\u75ab\u60c5\u5c31\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u524d\u7ebf\u6d41\u8840\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u540e\u65b9\u6297\u654c\uff0c\u5b89\u9759\u7684\u6ec7\u6c60\u5173\u7cfb\u7740\u8fde\u5929\u7684\u70fd\u706b\uff0c\u6606\u660e\u897f\u90ca\u90a3\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u4eba\u8db3\u9876\u5341\u4e07\u7532\u5175\u3002
\n1945\u5e748\u670815\u65e5\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u62ff\u8d77\u7535\u8bdd\uff0c\u5bf9\u65b9\u9a7b\u6606\u660e\u7684\u7f8e\u519b\u519b\u533b\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u524d\u5f97\u5230\u65e5\u672c\u6295\u964d\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u60f3\u8981\u901a\u77e5\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5fc3\u76ee\u4e2d\u4e00\u4f4d\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u3002
\n\u80dc\u5229\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u5728\u897f\u5c71\u4f20\u5f00\uff0c\u80dc\u5229\u7684\u559c\u60a6\u548c\u7b11\u5bb9\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u9632\u75ab\u4eba\u8138\u4e0a\u3002\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5ba3\u5e03\u653e\u5047\uff0c\u5f53\u665a\u5728\u5bb6\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5ba2\u5385\u4e3e\u884c\u9152\u4f1a\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u5c3d\u60c5\u5730\u72c2\u6b22\u3002
\n\u5c0f\u5ba2\u5385\u88c5\u4e0d\u4e0b\u51e0\u767e\u4eba\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u7d22\u6027\u5728\u6e56\u8fb9\u72c2\u6b22\u3002\u800c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5374\u79bb\u5f00\u4eba\u7fa4\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u4e66\u623f\uff0c\u9ed8\u9ed8\u7684\u80cc\u8bf5\u8d77\u5c11\u5e74\u65f6\u8bb0\u4e0b\u7684\u3001\u4ee4\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e56\u5357\u4eba\u8bfb\u7f62\u6012\u53d1\u51b2\u51a0\u3001\u70ed\u8840\u6cb8\u817e\u7684”\u6e56\u5357\u5c11\u5e74\u6b4c”\uff1a
\n”\u82e5\u9053\u4e2d\u534e\u56fd\u679c\u4ea1\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u6e56\u5357\u4eba\u5c3d\u6b7b\u3002”
\n\u4e03\u3001\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u9009\u62e9
\n\u6297\u6218\u80dc\u5229\u4e86\uff0c\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u8981\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u642c\u8fc1\u3002\u536b\u751f\u7f72\u8ba9\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5728\u4e09\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\uff1a\u4e0a\u6d77\u3001\u5357\u4eac\u6216\u5317\u5e73\u3002\u5357\u4eac\u662f\u9996\u90fd\uff0c\u4f46\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u4e0d\u559c\u597d\u5b98\u573a\u6c14\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6606\u660e\u8fd9\u51e0\u5e74\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4f53\u4f1a\u5230\u5929\u9ad8\u7687\u5e1d\u8fdc\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u7e41\u534e\u548c\u7eb7\u4e71\u8ba9\u4ed6\u5374\u6b65\uff0c\u800c\u5317\u5e73\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6c14\u6c1b\u548c\u60a0\u7136\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u8282\u594f\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4e0b\u51b3\u5fc3\u642c\u56de\u5317\u5e73\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u539f\u5740\u3002
\n\u800c\u4e14\u4ed6\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u7ecf\u8425\uff0c\u5929\u575b\u65e7\u5740\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u5c55\u5230\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\uff0c\u6709\u6781\u5176\u5b8c\u5907\u7684\u75ab\u82d7<\/a><\/span>\u548c\u8840\u6e05\u5236\u9020\u8bbe\u65bd\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u52a8\u7269\u5ba4\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u3002
\n\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u91ce\u5fc3\u52c3\u52c3\uff0c\u61a7\u61ac\u7740\u521b\u5efa\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u9632\u75ab\u548c\u751f\u7269\u5236\u54c1<\/a><\/span>\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9664\u6606\u660e\u8bbe\u5206\u5904\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u4e5f\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u5206\u5904\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u7b49\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u8d76\u5230\u5317\u5e73\u5929\u575b\uff0c\u5927\u5403\u4e00\u60ca\u3002
\n\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u63a5\u6536\u4eba\u5458\u5230\u8fbe\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u65e5\u65b9\u5728\u4e00\u5468\u5185\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u5168\u90e8\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5c06\u5668\u6750\u7528\u5766\u514b\u538b\u788e\uff0c\u83cc\u79cd\u8840\u6e05\u9500\u6bc1\uff0c\u52a8\u7269\u6740\u6b7b\u540e\u6df1\u57cb\u5730\u4e0b\uff0c\u7559\u7ed9\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u7684\u662f\u7834\u70c2\u4e0d\u582a\u7684\u3001\u7a7a\u6c64\u6c64\u56db\u9762\u6f0f\u98ce\u7684\u51e0\u680b\u5efa\u7b51\u7269\u3002\u6297\u6218\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\uff0c\u53ef\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2d\u65e5\u4ea4\u950b\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u6012\u706b\u4e2d\u70e7\u7684\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u51b3\u5b9a\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e00\u5ea7\u66f4\u5927\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u4ea7\u57fa\u5730\u3002
\n\u51e0\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u6240\u4f5c\u6240\u4e3a\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u539f\u56e0\u5f00\u59cb\u5927\u767d\u4e8e\u5929\u4e0b\u30021949\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u949f\u54c1\u4ec1\u6765\u5230\u5c01\u5b58\u4e86\u56db\u5e74\u7684\u5730\u4e0b\u51b7\u5e93\uff0c\u5728\u6ee1\u5730\u7684\u5783\u573e\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u516d\u652f\u5199\u6709\u65e5\u672c\u5973\u4eba\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u8bd5\u7ba1\u3002
\n\u7ecf\u8fc7\u57f9\u517b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u540e\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u524d5\u4e2a\u8bd5\u7ba1\u662f\u6bd2\u6027\u9f20\u75ab\u6746\u83cc\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u652f\u8bd5\u7ba1\u7684\u6bd2\u6027\u5df2\u7ecf\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7531\u4e8e\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u758f\u5ffd\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u6765\u5f97\u53ca\u6bc1\u706d\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u65e5\u519b\u5728\u6b64\u8fdb\u884c\u957f\u8fbe\u4e03\u5e74\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002
\n\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u8fd9\u65f6\u624d\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u7684\u5bf9\u624b\u3001\u4fb5\u534e\u65e5\u519b\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u7684\u5927\u672c\u8425\u539f\u6765\u5c31\u5728\u4e2d\u592e\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u65e7\u5740\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u7814\u7a76\u7b56\u5212\u7ec6\u83cc\u6218\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e00\u6b21\u54ac\u7259\u5207\u9f7f\u5730\u8bc5\u5492\u4e2d\u592e\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee4\u4ed6\u4eec\u591c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bd0\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u548c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee4\u4ed6\u4eec\u6068\u4e4b\u5165\u9aa8\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u3002
\n1995\u5e74\uff0c\u4fb5\u534e\u65e5\u519b\u6295\u964d50\u5468\u5e74\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u539f\u897f\u6751\u90e8\u961f\uff081855\u90e8\u961f\uff09\u536b\u751f\u5175\u4f0a\u85e4\u5f71\u660e\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u8001\u5175\u6765\u5230\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u5230\u5317\u4eac\u5929\u575b\u7b49\u5904\u6307\u8bc1\u65e5\u519b\u7684\u72af\u7f6a\u9057\u5740\u3002
\n\u5317\u4eac\u5e02\u5d07\u6587\u533a\u5730\u65b9\u5fd7\u7f16\u7e82\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6700\u65b0\u7ebf\u7d22\uff0c\u82b1\u4e86\u4e24\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\u6536\u96c6\u91c7\u8bbf\uff0c\u4f7f\u65e5\u5bc7\u7ec6\u83cc<\/a><\/span>\u6218\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u771f\u76f8\u5927\u767d\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u7528\u4fd8\u864f\u8fdb\u884c\u60e8\u65e0\u4eba\u9053\u7684\u4eba\u4f53\u8bd5\u9a8c\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u53d1\u73b01943\u5e74\u5317\u5e73\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u970d\u4e71\u6d41\u884c\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u6545\u610f\u6563\u5e03\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7528\u5168\u5317\u5e73\u4eba\u4f5c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u593a\u53bb\u4e86\u4e24\u5343\u6761\u4eba\u547d\u3002
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\n\u5f53\u65f6\u5e02\u573a\u7cae\u4ef7\u7206\u6da8\u3002\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u7528\u9762\u7c89\u652f\u4ed8\u4e86\u65bd\u5de5\u548c\u8bbe\u5907\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u4e8e1947\u5e74\u5143\u65e6\u5efa\u6210\u4e86\u4e07\u4f59\u5e73\u65b9\u7c73\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u9632\u75ab\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5904\u603b\u5904\u3002\u8fd9\u51e0\u6279\u9762\u7c89\u540e\u6765\u5374\u7ed9\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5927\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002
\n\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5229\u7528\u7f8e\u56fd\u533b\u836f\u63f4\u534e\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u6350\u8d60\u7684\u4e00\u5957\u5c0f\u578b\u9752\u9709\u7d20<\/a><\/span>\u5236\u9020\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u751f\u4ea7\u8f66\u95f4\uff0c\u4e8e1948\u5e74\u751f\u4ea7\u51fa\u582a\u6bd4\u8fdb\u53e3\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6bcf\u652f20\u4e07\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u9752\u9709\u7d20\u3002\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u9664\u9752\u9709\u7d20\u5916\uff0c\u5c06\u6765\u8fd8\u8981\u5f00\u53d1\u751f\u4ea7\u5176\u4ed6\u6297\u751f\u7d20\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u5ba4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5ba4\u540e\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u533b\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u3002
\n\u5f53\u65f6\u4e2d\u56fd\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u9a8c\u52a8\u7269\u4e1a\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u897f\u90ca\u5efa\u7acb\u5b9e\u9a8c\u52a8\u7269\u9972\u517b\u573a\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u9972\u517b\u7e41\u6b96\u5b9e\u9a8c\u52a8\u7269\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u57f9\u517b\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u5b9e\u9a8c\u52a8\u7269\u4eba\u624d\u3002\u5728\u65b0\u5740\u4fee\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u4e8e1946\u5e74\u6625\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u6062\u590d\u751f\u7269\u5236\u5242\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u3002
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\n\u6297\u6218\u80dc\u5229\u540e\u7684\u77ed\u77ed\u51e0\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u9664\u4e86\u65e7\u6709\u4ea7\u54c1\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u751f\u4ea7\u4e86\u7528\u4e8e\u9884\u9632\u7ed3\u6838\u7684\u5361\u4ecb\u82d7\uff0c\u548c\u7528\u4e8e\u9ebb\u75b9\u548c\u809d\u708e\u7684\u4e19\u79cd\u7403\u86cb\u767d\u3002\u6309\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u7b49\u5361\u4ecb\u82d7\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u8fbe\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u89c4\u6a21\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u63a8\u5e7f\u63a5\u79cd\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5185\u6218\u4f7f\u8be5\u8ba1\u5212\u6210\u4e3a\u6ce1\u5f71\u30021948\u5e7411\u6708\u8fbd\u6c88\u6218\u5f79\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u6dee\u6d77\u6218\u5f79\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u5317\u5e73\u515a\u653f\u673a\u5173\u6216\u64a4\u8d70\u6216\u762b\u75ea\uff0c\u536b\u751f\u7f72\u7535\u4ee4\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u4e8e\u5e7f\u5dde\u8bbe\u5206\u5904\u4ee5\u5907\u5357\u8fc1\u3002
\n\u4e00\u5c01\u7535\u62a5\u540e\u518d\u65e0\u5176\u4ed6\u6307\u793a\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5c61\u6b21\u50ac\u95ee\uff0c\u7686\u77f3\u6c89\u5927\u6d77\u3002\u4ed6\u53ea\u80fd\u4eb2\u8d74\u5357\u4eac\uff0c\u4e8e11\u6708\u4e2d\u65ec\u79bb\u5f00\u5317\u4eac\u3002\u5230\u5357\u4eac\u540e\u4e00\u65e0\u6240\u6210\uff0c\u5fc3\u7070\u610f\u51b7\u7684\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u6765\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77\u79df\u754c\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u63a5\u53d7\u54c8\u4f5b\u7684\u8058\u8bf7\uff0c\u4e3e\u5bb6\u79fb\u5c45\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002
\n\u65f6\u95f4\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f1949\u5e744\u67085\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u7684\u767e\u4e07\u96c4\u5e08\u5c31\u8981\u6a2a\u6e21\u957f\u6c5f\uff0c\u6c64\u5bb6\u7684\u5927\u4ef6\u884c\u674e\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fd0\u5f80\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u540e\u5168\u5bb6\u98de\u5f80\u7ebd\u7ea6\u3002\u591c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bd0\u7684\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u5de1\u89c6\u5404\u4e2a\u623f\u95f4\uff0c\u8d70\u5230\u4e66\u623f\u65f6\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u7a81\u7136\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\u53bb\u56fd\u79bb\u4e61\u5bc4\u4eba\u7bf1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u7518\u5fc3\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\u662f\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u81ea\u5df1\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u4eba\u751f\u6700\u540e\u7684\u9053\u8def\u3002
\n\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u7b49\u5f85\u5317\u5e73\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5317\u5e73\u4e5f\u5728\u7b49\u4ed6\u3002\u5317\u5e73\u89e3\u653e\u540e\uff0c\u5df2\u4efb\u534e\u5317\u519b\u533a\u536b\u751f\u90e8\u957f\u7684\u82cf\u4e95\u89c2\u6765\u5230\u9632\u75ab\u5904\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u4fdd\u62a4\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u4f4f\u5b85\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u4fdd\u6301\u539f\u72b6\u3002\u4e0a\u6d77\u89e3\u653e\u540e\uff0c\u5317\u5e73\u7acb\u5373\u8981\u6c42\u4e0a\u6d77\u519b\u7ba1\u4f1a\u6253\u542c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5f97\u77e5\u4eba\u4ecd\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u519b\u59d4\u536b\u751f\u90e8\u6b63\u5f0f\u53bb\u51fd\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u56de\u6765\u4e3b\u6301\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u5de5\u4f5c\u30027\u6708\u5e73\u6caa\u7ebf\u4fee\u590d\u901a\u8f66\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u519b\u7ba1\u4f1a\u5b89\u6392\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u4e58\u7b2c\u4e00\u73ed\u706b\u8f66\u56de\u5230\u5317\u5e73\u3002
\n1949\u5e74\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4eba\u671d\u6c14\u84ec\u52c3\uff0c\u4ece\u4e0a\u5230\u4e0b\u771f\u5fc3\u5b9e\u610f\u5145\u6ee1\u4fe1\u5fc3\u5730\u5efa\u8bbe\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u70ed\u6f6e\u4e5f\u611f\u67d3\u4e86\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u30021950\u5e74\u9632\u75ab\u5904\u6539\u540d\u4e3a\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u536b\u751f\u90e8\u751f\u7269\u5236\u54c1\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u4efb\u6240\u957f\u30021951\u5e74\u517c\u4efb\u65b0\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u751f\u7269\u5236\u54c1\u68c0\u5b9a\u6240\u6240\u957f\u3002
\n\u5efa\u56fd\u4f0a\u59cb\uff0c\u536b\u751f\u90e8\u95e8\u6700\u7d27\u8feb\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u4fdd\u969c\u75ab\u82d7<\/a><\/span>\u4f9b\u5e94\u3002\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u96c6\u4e2d\u7cbe\u529b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u5404\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u6240\u52aa\u529b\u4e0b1951\u5e74\u4ea7\u91cf\u6bd41949\u5e74\u589e\u52a07\u500d\uff0c1952\u5e74\u53c8\u6bd4\u4e0a\u5e74\u589e\u52a013\u500d\u3002
\n\u5efa\u56fd\u540e\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u7b49\u4e13\u5bb6\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u536b\u751f\u90e8\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u666e\u904d\u79cd\u75d8\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u5236\u54c1<\/a><\/span>\u68c0\u5b9a\u6240\u627f\u62c5\u4e86\u725b\u75d8\u82d7\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5341\u51e0\u5e74\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e8e1961\u5e74\u6d88\u706d\u4e86\u5929\u82b1\uff0c\u6bd4\u5168\u7403\u6d88\u706d\u5929\u82b1\u65e916\u5e74\u3002
\n1954\u5e74\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u7684\u5fc3\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u80a1\u518d\u4e5f\u6309\u637a\u4e0d\u4f4f\u7684\u51b2\u52a8\uff0c\u4ed6\u8981\u505a\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e2d\u65ad\u4e86\u5c06\u8fd1\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u6bd5\u751f\u4e4b\u5f79\u3002
\n\u516b\u3001\u4e24\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u8f68\u8ff9
\n\u5728\u5404\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fdb\u5165\u6b63\u8f68\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u7533\u8bf7\u5378\u53bb\u65e5\u5e38\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4<\/a><\/span>\u91cd\u65b0\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2d\u6b62\u8fd1\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u6c99\u773c\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u536b\u751f\u90e8\u6279\u51c6\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u7533\u8bf7\u3002
\n\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4f55\u4e3a\u6c99\u773c\u4e86\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u57281954\u5e74\uff0c\u6c99\u773c\u6d41\u884c\u6781\u5e7f\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u536b\u751f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4f30\u8ba1\u5168\u7403\u516d\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u4eba\u60a3\u6c99\u773c\uff0c\u9ad8\u53d1\u533a\u56e0\u6b64\u5931\u660e\u7684\u5360\u4eba\u53e3\u603b\u65701%\uff0c\u89c6\u529b\u4e25\u91cd\u53d7\u635f\u7684\u536010%\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c99\u773c\u53d1\u75c5\u738755%\uff0c\u81f4\u76f2\u73875%\uff0c\u8fb9\u8fdc\u519c\u6751\u60a3\u75c5\u7387\u8fbe80\u250090%\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u5341\u773c\u4e5d\u6c99\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u6c99\u773c\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u627e\u5230\u9884\u9632\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u786e\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002
\n\u4f46\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u7814\u7a76\u6c99\u773c<\/a><\/span>\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u3002
\n\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b34\u5f31\u4e2d\u6210\u957f\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4ee3\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u90fd\u628a\u65e5\u672c\u5f53\u505a\u594b\u6597\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u82f1\u7f8e\u6d3e\u7684\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66<\/a><\/span>\u5bb6\u7684\u4e00\u4e3e\u4e00\u52a8\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u4ece\u5fc3\u91cc\u6697\u6697\u4e0b\u5b9a\u8d76\u8d85\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u51b3\u5fc3\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u65e5\u672c\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u6210\u679c\u4e5f\u6bd4\u522b\u4eba\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6000\u7591\u548c\u4fdd\u7559\u3002
\n\u6218\u524d\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5728\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u9886\u57df\u9664\u4e86\u5317\u91cc\u67f4\u4e09\u90ce\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5927\u5e08\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u7fd8\u695a\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5728\u5f88\u957f\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u88ab\u4eba\u4e3a\u7684\u9057\u5fd8\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

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\n\u91ce\u53e3\u82f1\u4e16\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ece\u4e8b\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5728\u8840\u6e05\u5b66\u3001\u5c0f\u513f\u9ebb\u75f9\u3001\u72c2\u72ac\u75c5\uff0c\u9632\u6cbb\u6885\u6bd2\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u53d6\u5f97\u8fc7\u663e\u7740\u7684\u6210\u7ee9\u30021928\u5e74\u8d74\u975e\u6d32\u7814\u7a76\u9ec4\u70ed\u75c5\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e78\u611f\u67d3\u6b64\u75c5\u8eab\u4ea1\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u56e0\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u6b64\u75c5\u800c\u732e\u8eab\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002
\n\u4f46\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u5b66\u6559\u6750\u4e2d\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u4ed6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u80af\u5b9a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6f0f\u6389\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u67d0\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u4e86\u3002\u96be\u9053\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u91ce\u53e3\u82f1\u4e16\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u7f18\u6545\uff1f<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\u91ce\u53e3\u82f1\u4e16\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u4e00\u76f4\u7559\u5728\u6e21\u8fb9\u6df3\u4e00\u5fc3\u4e2d\uff0c\u6210\u540d\u540e\uff0c\u6e21\u8fb9\u6df3\u4e00\u5386\u65f6\u516b\u5e74\u4e4b\u4e45\u6536\u96c6\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u4e8e1979\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u957f\u7bc7\u5de8\u7740\u300a\u9065\u8fdc\u7684\u843d\u65e5\u300b\uff0c\u8363\u83b7\u65e5\u672c\u7b2c\u5341\u56db\u5c4a\u5409\u5ddd\u82f1\u6cbb\u6587\u5b66\u5956\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u5de8\u8457\u4f7f\u91ce\u53e3\u82f1\u4e16\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5e76\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u6977\u6a21\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\u6e21\u8fb9\u6df3\u4e00\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5982\u5b9e\u5730\u5199\u51fa\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u65e5\u672c\u7ec6\u83cc<\/a><\/span>\u5b66\u6559\u6750\u5220\u9664\u4e86\u91ce\u53e3\u82f1\u4e16\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u96be\u4ee5\u542f\u53e3\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u6d89\u53ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba9\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4ece\u5fc3\u91cc\u4f69\u670d\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u4f4d\u53eb\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u8f68\u8ff9\u4e0e\u6bd4\u4ed6\u592720\u5c81\u7684\u91ce\u53e3\u82f1\u4e16\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u8f68\u8ff9\u5728\u6c99\u773c<\/a><\/span>\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e0a\u4f1a\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002
\n\u6c99\u773c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u516c\u5143\u524d1500\u5e74\u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u7684\u7eb8\u8349\u4e66\u4e2d\u5c31\u6709\u8bb0\u8f7d\u3002\u66f4\u6709\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6839\u636e”\u9ec4\u5e1d\u5185\u7ecf”\uff0c\u516c\u5143\u524d2600\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\u4fbf\u6709\u6b64\u75c5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e16\u4eba\u8fd8\u662f\u5c06\u57c3\u53ca\u79f0\u505a\u6c99\u773c\u7684\u6545\u4e61\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u6c99\u773c\u5386\u53f2\u60a0\u4e45\u3001\u6d41\u4f20\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5371\u5bb3\u5de8\u5927\uff0c\u81ea\u73b0\u4ee3\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66<\/a><\/span>\u521b\u7acb\u59cb\uff0c\u6c99\u773c\u75c5\u539f\u4fbf\u6781\u53d7\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u4e03\u5341\u5e74\u95f4\u59cb\u7ec8\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9a\u8bba\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8001\u5927\u96be\u95ee\u9898\u3002
\n\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u6240\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u662f\u6c99\u773c\u75c5\u539f\u4e3a\u7ec6\u83cc\u75c5\u539f\u8fd8\u662f\u75c5\u6bd2\u75c5\u539f\uff1f1887\u5e74\uff0c\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\u5bc7\u970d\u4ece\u57c3\u53ca\u6c99\u773c\u75c5\u4eba\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u4e00\u682a\u6746\u83cc\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u5bc7\u2500\u9b4f\u6c0f\u6746\u83cc\uff0c\u5ba3\u5e03\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u6c99\u773c\u7684\u75c5\u539f\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u6c99\u773c\u7ec6\u83cc\u75c5\u539f\u8bf4\u3002\u4f46\u8be5\u6746\u83cc\u5f88\u5feb\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u662f\u5f15\u8d77\u57c3\u53ca\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u75c5\uff1a\u773c\u7ed3\u819c\u708e\u7684\u7f6a\u9b41\u7978\u9996\u3002
\n\u6309\u7167\u8fd9\u4e2a\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u5728\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c30\u591a\u79cd\u7ec6\u83cc\u66fe\u88ab\u51a0\u4ee5\u6c99\u773c\u75c5\u539f\uff0c\u53c8\u88ab\u4e00\u4e00\u5426\u51b3\u4e86\u3002\u6c99\u773c\u7684\u75c5\u6bd2\u75c5\u539f\u8bf4\u5f00\u59cb\u62ac\u5934\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u5728\u6c99\u773c\u75c5\u4eba\u773c\u91cc\u53d1\u73b0\u5305\u6db5\u4f53\uff0c\u5230\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u8bc1\u660e\u6c99\u773c\u6750\u6599\u6ee4\u6389\u7ec6\u83cc\u4ecd\u6709\u611f\u67d3\u6027\uff0c\u6c99\u773c\u7684\u75c5\u6bd2\u75c5\u539f\u8bf4\u4f3c\u4e4e\u7ad9\u4e86\u4e0a\u98ce\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u91ce\u53e3\u82f1\u4e16\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u8f70\u52a8\u30021928\u5e74\u91ce\u53e3\u82f1\u4e16\u5728\u5317\u7f8e\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u5230\u6c99\u773c<\/a><\/span>\u75c5\u539f\u83cc\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u5728\u7315\u7334\u773c\u7ed3\u819c\u4e0a\u5f15\u8d77\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4eba\u7c7b\u6c99\u773c\u7684\u9897\u7c92\u6027\u75c5\u53d8\uff0c\u6545\u79f0\u4e3a\u9897\u7c92\u6746\u83cc<\/a><\/span>\u3002
\n\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u754c\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u5bf9\u6b64\u8868\u793a\u6000\u7591\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5f53\u65f6\u4eba\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u3002\u4e00\u76f4\u4ece\u4e8b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6280\u672f\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u8ba4\u4e3a\u91ce\u53e3\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c31\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66<\/a><\/span>\u4e09\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u96be\u9898\uff0c\u8f7b\u800c\u6613\u4e3e\u5f97\u4ee4\u4eba\u96be\u4ee5\u7f6e\u4fe1\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ec6\u83cc<\/a><\/span>\u5b66\u5bb6\u7528\u91ce\u53e3\u82f1\u4e16\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e76\u6ca1\u80fd\u91cd\u8986\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c
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\n1929\u5e74\u6625\uff0c\u521a\u56de\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4<\/a><\/span>\u8349\u521b\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6309\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u610f\u613f\u5f00\u5c55\u7814\u7a76\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u505a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u7adf\u7136\u662f\u91cd\u8986\u91ce\u53e3\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u51fa\u4e8e\u6000\u7591\u7684\u52a8\u673a\uff0c\u91cd\u8986\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5\u8eab\u6b89\u804c\u7684\u65e5\u672c\u5de8\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6c64\u98de\u51e1\u6345\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5927\u7684\u9a6c\u8702\u7a9d\u3002
\n\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u6c99\u773c<\/a><\/span>\u75c5\u4eba\u6709\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u548c\u7740\u540d\u773c\u79d1\u533b\u751f\u5468\u8bda\u6d52\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u9009\u51fa24\u4e2a\u75c7\u72b6\u5178\u578b\u7684\u75c5\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e25\u683c\u6309\u91ce\u53e3\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u5206\u79bb\u7ec6\u83cc\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e03\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u5404\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7ec6\u83cc\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u6b21\u662f\u91ce\u53e3\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u9897\u7c92\u6746\u83cc\u3002\u7528\u8fd9\u682a\u6746\u83cc\u63a5\u79cd\u5bb6\u5154\u548c\u7334\u5b50\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea7\u751f\u6c99\u773c\u75c7\u72b6\u3002
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